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• An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) or automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) is a device implantable in the frame, able to carry out defibrillation, and relying on the kind, cardioversion and pacing of the coronary heart. The ICD is the primary-line treatment and prophylactic remedy for sufferers at chance for unexpected cardiac dying because of ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia.

• “AICD” become trademarked by using the Boston Scientific corporation, so the greater established “ICD” is preferred terminology.

• Current tool batteries last about 6 to 10 years; with advances in era (batteries with greater ability or probably rechargeable batteries) it could be possible to growth this well past 10 years. The lead (the electrical cable connecting the tool to the heart) has a much longer common longevity but can incur various types of malfunction, particularly insulation failure or fracture of the conductor, and require alternative.

• The system of implantation of an ICD device is similar to implantation of a pacemaker. In truth, ICDs are composed of an ICD generator and of wires. The first element or generator incorporates a pc chip or circuitry with RAM (reminiscence), programmable software, a capacitor and a battery; that is implanted usually below the skin inside the left higher chest. The second part of the device is an electrode wire or wires that, similar to pacemakers, are linked to the generator and passed through a vein to the right chambers of the coronary heart. The lead commonly lodges in the apex or septum of the right ventricle. Just like pacemakers, ICDs may have a single cord or lead within the coronary heart (within the proper ventricle, single chamber ICD),  leads (in the right atrium and right ventricle, twin chamber ICD) or 3 leads (biventricular ICD, one within the proper atrium, one within the right ventricle and one on the outer wall of the left ventricle). The difference among pacemakers and ICDs is that pacemakers also are to be had as temporary gadgets and are commonly designed to accurate sluggish coronary heart prices, i.E. Bradycardia, whilst ICDs are often everlasting safeguards towards surprising existence-threatening arrhythmias.

• Recent developments encompass the subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) that is placed absolutely under the pores and skin, leaving the vessels and coronary heart untouched.